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Senado aprova ampliação da isenção do Imposto de Renda para quem ganha até R$ 5 mil

Nova tabela do IR deve beneficiar 16 milhões de brasileiros

O Senado Federal aprovou por unanimidade, nesta quarta-feira (5), o projeto de lei que amplia a isenção do Imposto de Renda (IR) para todos os trabalhadores que ganham até R$ 5 mil por mês. A proposta, considerada uma das principais promessas econômicas do governo, segue agora para sanção do presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.

Atualmente, a faixa de isenção do imposto de renda é limitada a quem recebe até R$ 3.036 mensais. Com a nova regra, mais de 16 milhões de brasileiros deixarão de pagar o tributo, segundo o relator do texto, deputado Arthur Lira (PP-AL).

O governo estima que um contribuinte com salário mensal de R$ 5 mil terá uma economia anual de R$ 4.356,89 com a mudança.

Lula celebra aprovação e fala em “justiça tributária”

Logo após a votação, o presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) celebrou a decisão do Senado, classificando-a como um passo importante rumo à justiça tributária no país.

“O nome disso é justiça tributária. É fazer o trabalhador pagar menos e o rico contribuir mais”, declarou Lula em suas redes sociais.

A medida faz parte do pacote de reformas econômicas voltadas para reduzir desigualdades e incentivar o consumo das famílias de baixa e média renda.

Segundo o ministro da Fazenda, Fernando Haddad, a ampliação da isenção do IR “torna o Brasil menos desigual e deve contribuir para o crescimento econômico a partir de 2026”.

Como fica a nova tabela do Imposto de Renda

Com a aprovação do projeto, a nova tabela do Imposto de Renda 2026 deverá funcionar da seguinte forma:

  • Até R$ 5.000isento
  • De R$ 5.001 a R$ 7.350 – desconto parcial, com alíquota progressiva reduzida
  • De R$ 7.351 a R$ 10.000 – alíquota intermediária
  • Acima de R$ 10.000 – mantêm-se as alíquotas atuais (22,5% e 27,5%)

O governo também criou uma faixa de desconto parcial para contribuintes com rendimentos até R$ 7.350, permitindo que mais trabalhadores tenham uma redução significativa no imposto, sem prejudicar o equilíbrio fiscal.

Essa ampliação foi possível, segundo Lira, porque a tributação sobre altas rendas e lucros vai gerar um excedente de arrecadação que compensa o impacto da nova isenção.

Quem ganha e quem perde com a nova regra

Os maiores beneficiados são os trabalhadores formais e autônomos com rendas mensais entre R$ 3 mil e R$ 5 mil, que antes pagavam de 7,5% a 15% de imposto.

Para quem recebe acima de R$ 7 mil, a proposta mantém as alíquotas atuais, mas com pequenos ajustes no desconto simplificado, permitindo alívio parcial no bolso do contribuinte.

Economistas apontam que a medida também pode estimular o consumo interno, já que o aumento da renda disponível entre as classes médias tende a impulsionar setores como comércio, alimentação e serviços.

Impacto nas contas públicas

O Ministério da Fazenda calcula que o custo da ampliação da isenção será compensado com a tributação de fundos exclusivos, offshores e lucros distribuídos, aprovada recentemente pela Câmara dos Deputados.

Segundo Haddad, o impacto líquido nas contas públicas será nulo ou positivo, pois o aumento da arrecadação entre os mais ricos deve equilibrar a renúncia fiscal.

“Estamos cumprindo a promessa de campanha sem comprometer o equilíbrio das contas públicas”, afirmou o ministro.

Próximos passos

Após a sanção presidencial, a nova tabela de isenção do imposto de renda deverá entrar em vigor em janeiro de 2026. A Receita Federal publicará, ainda em dezembro, as instruções normativas detalhando os novos cálculos de retenção na fonte e ajustes anuais.

Analistas esperam que a medida tenha efeito positivo na popularidade do governo, especialmente entre trabalhadores assalariados, autônomos e microempreendedores.


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